A study on consumer satisfaction towards atm services provided br various banks free essay sample

ATMs were introduced to the world in 1983. These modern marvels of technology were well received by consumers because they made it possible for them to access money from their credit cards or debit cards 24 hours per day with a quick and simple system. ATMs also made it possible for consumers to travel in a safer manner because they no longer had to carry large amounts of cash with them. Instead, they could access money anywhere in the world with the help of the ATM. Although ATMs made certain aspects of life safer, it did make it easier for counterfeiters and thieves to take advantage of unsuspecting consumers. After all, it only took having the card and a PIN (personal identification number) to access all of somebody’s funds. For this reason, Visa soon introduced the Visa Risk Identification Service. This computer-based program was capable of identifying suspicious transactions and putting an end to them if there was reason to suspect it was fraudulent. We will write a custom essay sample on A study on consumer satisfaction towards atm services provided br various banks or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This type of system is still in use today, with individual banks having their own unique systems to help keep you safe. In addition, many countries are putting other protective barriers in place to ensure the transactions placed on credit cards and debit cards are truly authorized by the owner. The banking has undergone a major change due to the adoption of E-banking. One often latest channels of distribution to be used in the financial services organizations is electronic banking; this method was established in the mid 1990s, thereafter steadily becoming more important (Allen et al, 2001). E-banking can offer speedier, quicker and dependable services to the customers for which they may be fairly satisfied than that of manual system of banking. E-banking system not only generates latest viable return, it also offers its better dealings with customers. The most widely used e-Banking instrument is the automatic teller machine (ATM) card. The Indian ATM industry has seen explosive growth in recent times. ATMs represent the single largest investment in the electronic channel services for the Banks. In India, HSBC set the trend and set up the first ATM machine here in 1987. Since then, they have become a common sight in many of our metros. ATMs have gained prominence as a delivery channel for banking transactions in India. Banks deploy ATMs to increase their reach. As far as the customer satisfaction is concerned with regard to  E-banking services, ATM services play an important role as they make easy of banking transactions for customers. ATM means neither â€Å"avoids travelling with money†nor â€Å"any time money† but certainly implies both. Slim ATM cards are fast replacing confounding withdrawal forms as a convenient way of getting your money from banks. In a way, they are rewriting the rules of financial transaction. Automated teller machines (ATMs)were the first well-known machines to provide electronic access to customers. With advent of Automatic Teller Machines (ATM), banks are able to serve customers outside the banking hall. ATM is designed to perform the most important function of bank. It is operated by plastic card with its special features. The plastic card is replacing cheque, personal attendance of the customer, banking hour’s restrictions and paper based verification. ATMs have made hard cash just seconds away all throughout the day at every corner of the globe. ATMs allow you to do a number of banking functions – such as withdrawing cash from one’s account, making balance inquiries and transferring money from one account to another using a plastic, magnetic-stripe card and personal identification number issued by the financial institution. The Indian ATM \ industry has seen explosive growth in recent times. ATMs represent the single largest investment in the electronic channel services for the Banks. In India, HSBC set the trend and set up the first ATM machine here in 1987. Since then, they have become a common sight in many of our metros. Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) have gained prominence as a delivery channel for banking transactions in India. Banks have been deploying ATMs to increase their reach. While ATMs facilitate a variety of banking transactions for customers, their main utility has been for cash withdrawal and balance enquiry. As at the end of October 2007, the number of ATMs deployed in India was 31,078. According to some estimates the total cash movement through ATMs across India was around Rs. 70,000 crore in FY 06. Clearly, industry watchers forecast a bright future for ATMs in India. While the ATM is a great service for customers, for the banks it means immense savings on the cost of operations OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: To study the customers preference towards ATM facility provided by banks. To  study the awareness level of customers towards ATM facility provided by banks. To study the existing practices of customers towards use of ATM cards. To study the opinion of customers towards the ATM facility provided by banks. To study the factors that influences the customers to prefer ATM facility of various banks. To analyse the various problems faced by customers in ATM centres. To study the satisfaction level of customers towards the ATM services of banks. To provide suggestions on the basis of the results of the study. Methodology The following is the methodology adopted in the study Area of the study: Area of the study refers to Coimbatore city, which is well known for textile and engineering, banking and insurance industry. Sample size: It refers to the number of items to be selected from the population to constitute a sample. The sample taken for the study is 100. Sources of data: The study has used primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected by questionnaire method. The questionnaire was prepared in such a way that they are simple and understandable so as to enable the respondents to express their views and opinions freely and frankly. Secondary data was collected from respective books, journals, magazines and websites. Sampling design: Random sampling method has been used in the study for the purpose of making analysis. Tools for the analysis Simple percentage analysis has been adopted in the study.

maturation of scout essays

maturation of scout essays In Harper Lees novel, To Kill A Mocking Bird we see that maturation of some of the characters is clearly evident, particularly Scouts. We see this by the way she acts in front of Miss Maudie, Calpurnia and Mrs. Alexandra Finch. Beside her father, Scout probably respects and likes the most is Miss Maudie. The two of them have a great relationship and they both love each other very deeply. When Scout first introduces us to Miss Maudie (in chapter 5), she tells us all the nicest things about her. She talks about how much she and Jem trusted Miss Maudie and what a good friend she was. They trusted her because "she never told on them, never played cat-and-mouse with them, and because she was not at all interested in their private lives", (chp. 5, pg. 44-45) unlike most Maycomb people. This is also why Scout respected Miss Maudie so much and why she told her, "Miss Maudie, you are the best lady I know" (pg.45). Miss Maudie always made cakes for Scout, Jem and Dill, and she invited them over to eat them and also to play in her backyard. One summer, Scout spent the whole second half of the summer with Miss Maudie. They sat in the front porch, watched the sunset, talked, took care of Miss Maudie's garden. That's w hen Scout became very close to Miss Maudie. Basically, Scout admired Miss Maudie. She was her hero. Calpurnia is a very important character in the novel. Scout has known her her whole life and has basically lived with her, but they weren't that close. Scout never liked Calpurnia very much, mostly because she always complained about her behavior. "She was always ordering her out of the kitchen, asking her why she couldn't behave as well as Jem when she knew he was older, and calling her home when she wasn't ready to come. There talking was like battling and one-sided. Calpurina always won, mainly because Atticus always took her side." (pg. 6). Another reason why Scout didn't like Calpurnia is because she made h ...

Stewardship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stewardship - Essay Example We should submit our wills to God because He is the one who created us and sent to this world to live and perform all activities with righteousness and justice. He helps us in all fields of our lives. â€Å"There is no one like the God of Jeshurun, who rides across the heavens to help you and on the clouds in his majesty† (Deuteronomy 33:26, New International Version). God asks us to love humanity and to be thankful to Him for His blessings. Being stewards, we should fulfill His expectations and should love His all creatures including the environment around us. â€Å"The despoiling of the environment as nothing less than the degradation of God's gracious gift of creation† (Evangelical Lutheran Church in America [ELCA], n.d.). form this statement, it is clear that God wants us to take care of the environment that he has created for us. He does not want us to spoil anything because everything around us has some role to play either for our benefit or for the environment. T herefore, God has said that the act of despoiling the environment is same as degrading the whole creation. Another thing evident from the readings is that God wants justice from us in whatever we do. â€Å"Justice is rooted in the character of God† (Oxford, 1990). ... Justice for all is also one of the main requirements and a perfect example of stewardship. â€Å"Commitment to justice is intrinsic to Christian faith† (Anonymous, 1982). Moreover, economic production also relates to stewardship, as God wants us to create new things and get benefits. The implication of the working definition of stewardship for decision-making process is that people should obey the instructions of God while making any kind of decision whether for their personal matters or for any one else. God wants us to recognize our responsibilities and fulfill them. For example, we need to do justice in everything we do. Decision-making requires a careful analysis of issues. If we are at some position where our decisions put a direct impact on the lives of others, we need to look at the issues very carefully because our decision will be going to affect many other people. Not only in such scenarios, we also need to do justice even for little issues because it is the order of our creator. Being stewards, we need to fulfill the expectations of our Lord in order live a peaceful life. God does not demand from us any such act that can make our lives difficult. He loves us, he has created us, and he wants us to live our lives in accordance with His rules and instructions. If we talk about the ramifications of the working definition of stewardship for the business management practices, we can say that stewardship demands commitment, dedication, and honesty in business related practices. God wants us to do business under a legal framework. In any company, employees and managers perform the business related practices within their respective areas of

Quality and Information Systems Strategies Essay

Quality and Information Systems Strategies - Essay Example In accordance with the above study, the ability of firms around the world to capture and interpret knowledge is depended on a series of factors; the size of the firm and its financial strength has been proved to be critical factors regarding the ability of a firm to manage knowledge throughout its departments. The various forms of knowledge within modern organizations can be observed in Figure 1 (Appendix) where these forms are set hierarchically in order for the importance to be identified. The effective management of knowledge in modern firms is crucial in order for the various strategic plans developed within a specific organization to be appropriate, i.e. to lead to the achievement of the targets set by the firm’s strategic management team. The above assumption is also supported by Steyn (2004) who stated that ‘successful organisations are knowledge-creating organisations, which produce, disseminate and embody new knowledge in new products and services’ (Steyn , 2004, 615). In other words, gathering, evaluation and distribution of knowledge across modern organization is a highly important part of the organizational activity supporting the development of strategic plans that are effective both in the short and the long term. For this reason, firms of all sizes have tried to establish IT systems that will be able to capture, evaluate and distribute the knowledge required for the ‘smooth’ development of all organizational activities as well as for the growth of the firm in the long term. Establishing the IS required for the development of corporate activities is a challenging task for all managers worldwide – no matter the size of the firm involved. Towards this direction, it is supported by Reid et al. (2004) that managers in modern organizations should have a ‘strategic foresight that can play a significant role in the long term success, or failure, of business

Environmental Problems In Latin America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Environmental Problems In Latin America - Essay Example In this context, this region witnessed some social movements which demanded for national control over the natural resources. Every country of this region is facing more or less same type of environmental issues. For example, in Argentina soil erosion is a major environmental issue which is emerging due to inadequate flood control and improper land use practices. Irrigated soil degradation, use of pesticides and fertilizers are making river polluted, desertification, water pollution in urban areas, air pollution are some other environmental issues in Argentina. Similarly other countries of the Latin American region are also facing such problems like Bolivia is struggling with deforestation problem which is arising due to increasing demand for agricultural land and international demand for tropical timber. In addition to this, loss of biodiversity, soil erosion due to poor cultivation method and overgrazing, water pollution due to industrial waste, desertification. Latin American count ries like Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguayan, and Venezuela are reported more or less same problems which includes danger over the existence of a multitude of plants and animal species indigenous to the Amazon Basin area and vehicle emission. Thus, air pollution, water pollution, deforestation, desertification, soil erosion are some of the common environmental issues of this region (Diaz and West 2005). Water problem in Latin America World’s 13% water resources are in Latin America and Caribbean. However, these water resources are distributed in inequitable manner throughout this region. In addition to this, parts like Southern Chile, Mexico and Northeastern Brazil are facing sever water shortage problem. Many areas are classified as semi-arid or... Similarly, other countries of the Latin American region are also facing such problems like Bolivia is struggling with deforestation problem which is rising due to increasing demand for agricultural land and international demand for tropical timber. In addition to this, loss of biodiversity, soil erosion due to poor cultivation method and overgrazing, water pollution due to industrial waste, desertification. Latin American countries like Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguayan, and Venezuela have reported more or less same problems which include danger over the existence of a multitude of plants and animal species indigenous to the Amazon Basin area and vehicle emission. Thus, air pollution, water pollution, deforestation, desertification, soil erosion are some of the common environmental issues of this region (DÃ ­az and West 2005).World’s 13% water resources are in Latin America and Caribbean. However, these water resources are distributed in an i nequitable manner throughout this region. In addition to this, parts of Southern Chile, Mexico, and Northeastern Brazil are facing severe water shortage problem. Many areas are classified as semi-arid or hyper-arid. Though there is sufficient water fall in the region yet water is unclean hence cannot be used for drinking. Along with this, industrial waste and other environmental pollutants are contaminating water resources. Such situations are creating circumstances of the water war between countries and even in the same countries.

John F Kennedy And His Leadership Style History Essay

John F Kennedy And His Leadership Style History Essay Transformational leadership qualities are not only inherited in person but external environments also involved to build up a leader. Transformational leadership has become so prominent in todays society, especially in the Western world, where athletics, military, and politics all thrive on it. Of course, transformational leadership would not exist if there were no followers, but it is a skill that is extremely effective and needed. Leaders are effective decision makers, strong motivators, and masters of communication. You can instantly tell who is a great leader by observing the way everyone elses effort is as a whole. A great leader is someone who is both task and relationship oriented. While they establish interpersonal relationships with their teammates, they also make sure that everyone is prepared for the task at hand. Transformational Leadership is the behaviour of an individual when he is directing the activities of group towards a share goal. Such leaders act as a communication bridge by inspiring and motivating followers towards particular goals in an organised way. Strong communication skill is a major quality of a leader. The progress of a team depends on the encouragement and affectivity of its leader. Transformational leaders build the teams and motivate them. It can be hard, but it can make a difference. Transformational Leadership emerges from situations in which there is no formal leadership or in the context of formally designated roles (Ronald K. Smith, 2004). Transformational leaders serve as role models and focus on the well being of their followers by helping them develop to their fullest potential. Transformational leadership is associated with the following four factors: idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. Followers who are able to solve issues without the help of a leader are more likely to have higher self-confidence; therefore, leading to higher motivation and production. Transformational leaders utilize individualized consideration to establish self-esteem and pride in followers by treating them as individuals. Followers with high self-confidence may be more likely to initiate and finish projects that are outside their realm of duties, because they are less afraid of negative repercussions if they fail. Leaders who take the time to meet and know their followers provide an inviting work environment. Followers who feel that their leaders care about them may be mo re motivated to produce superior work to please their leaders. Transformational leaders provide supportive work environments for their followers. These leaders are tolerant to followers mistakes and more willing to teach and model proper behaviour. Transformational leaders involve their followers in problem-solving and innovative sessions. Inviting and encouraging followers to participate in goal setting is characteristic of these types of leaders. These leaders engage themselves with followers and serve as mentors and role models. Transformational leaders, much like charismatic and servant leaders, establish a rapport with their followers. They show an interest for others. Both transformational and servant leaders value others, develop followers, build communities, display authenticity, and share leadership. John F. Kennedy and his Leadership Style: As a president, John F. Kennedy was known for his capability to handle the problems that were out of reach of the other people. By a layman it is usually wondered how skilled can a person be that he can take care of problems which are observed to be much more complicated and bigger than which can be handled by a mortal man. John F. Kennedy proved this by his dedication and determination towards his job as a president. All this proved to be a success not only by his efforts but also with the help of the people as they got a surrounding where they can be at their best. The success of the leader does not only depend on his ability but also on his relationships that he has to establish. Kennedy always was against creating layers in the surroundings which would promote open communication among the individuals which would end up in rivals. In order to avoid the dictatorial nature of a leader, a lot of attention to the details is required so that the respective task is covered by the appropriate person with proper co-ordination and guidance (John A. Barnes, 2007). His personality was embedded with a combination of affection and hard mind. He thoroughly enjoyed the variety of diverse personalities and talents that surrounded him throughout the era of his presidency. He always respected an individual for what he was. He had certain reliability in his acceptance of men to work with him. To make things go right, he had a perfect assessment of the people who would be useful and how can their talents be fruitful. Type of Leader: Out of all the leadership styles, Kennedys leadership style proved to be the most effective and influenced one. He followed the authoritative and charismatic leadership style. Authoritative leaders are to be known as the experts in whatever they get into. They are able to provide you with a clear vision and a perfect path through which it can be achieved and be a success. In Kennedys leadership this quality can be seen very clearly because he had the capability to mobilize the people towards the vision and make use of what they were best in (Peter G. Northhouse, 2009). John F. Kennedy Authoritative Leadership: The authoritarian leadership approach is used by leaders that desire or need to have complete power in decision-making. This method is often expressed by the leader informing his people purposely what to do and how to do it, and is most frequently necessary when time is of the essence. However, this approach should not be used too frequently, because it could direct to the observation of bossiness on the leaders part, which could conduct to reduced peoples inspiration and reduced commitment. Effective leaders are likely to use power in a subtle, careful fashion that minimizes status differentials and avoids threats to the target persons self esteem.  Kennedys approach generates an optimistic and cheerful man to work with (Erwin C. Hargrove, 2008). John F. Kennedy also played a role in situational leadership where he had to loosen his management approach to every circumstance. He considered being successful with the authoritative leadership style when he was the inhabitant specialis t. (Lewis J. Paper, 1975). In his era some of the people supporting him found such alteration a bit scratchy and disturbing to the place of work or to them individually and some had found it bit difficult to relate John F. Kennedy ideas of the upcoming so called future. By his authoritative leadership style, he was able to engage different generations of this nation by communicating his philosophy of hope and change through traditional sources. In his own words, he is audacious enough to propose that Americans can and should transform the nation into something that is better. His political and leadership messages have focused consistently on transformation. John F. Kennedy Charismatic Leadership style: What makes a charismatic leader different from others is his vision to encapsulate obedience of the followers. Using unconventional methods allows a charismatic leader to convince followers that they are not the normal leaders they are new, different, and inspiring. Trust and creditability comes from the willingness of these people to sacrifice themselves for the betterment of followers and organizations. Charismatic leaders usually have high follower expectations and are able to encourage these expectations by using unconventional behaviours to establish credibility, sensitivity, and appeal. Although charismatic leaders have a strong following, it is important to point out that they may have a dark side. Charismatic leaders may take advantage of the fact that they are so well liked and trusted and encourage followers to focus on and aim for atrocious goals. Charismatic leaders are more equipped to influence followers to participate in corrupt behaviour. Because followers trust and like their leaders they may be more willing to ignore and not question any odd behaviour. In some era of John F. Kennedy life people have noticed a charismatic Leadership style. However, the charismatic magic can be equally a lucky thing and a nuisance on the general public. John F. Kennedy charismatic leadership style help him make himself capable of using his personal magic or charm to get the work done out of people. This comes out to an effective, challenging and powerful method to guide other people. John F. Kennedy as a charismatic leader time and again fluent the hallucination by means of descriptions and tales in behaviour that each human being can be aware of his mental picture or image. The persons who support him usually saw him as individual that have power over and capability to create in individuals mind the prospect with transparency. This also helped him become a role model for his workplace. By his charismatic leadership style, Kennedy was able to engage the nation, to inspire and to motivate the people by communicating a clear vision of the future. Kennedy has utilized many media to begin his process of leadership. His inspirational motivation behaviour has been seen in the speeches he gave during the campaign which served to engage and energize both his supporters and those on the fence. Examples from his Leadership: John Kennedy proved to be a transformational leader from the very beginning after being elected. After his inaugural address there was no longer any question about Kennedys ideological orientation. He was still a pragmatist, but he stood on his political legacy as the heir to Roosevelt and Truman. He deluged the Congress with addresses, messages and exhortations. His authoritative leadership trait can be seen in this example. The New Frontier, as his program was styled, had some success, especially in its first year. Congress established the Peace Corps, raised the minimum wage, liberalized social security benefits, and passed bills on housing, depressed areas, manpower retraining, and temporary unemployment compensation. The president was given unprecedented authority to negotiate large across-the-board traffic cuts. As a president, John F. Kennedy did succeed in mobilizing impressive public pressure for his legislative program. Personally he was enormously popular. But the country was generally prosperous, and it was difficult to interest large numbers of voters in the need for change. Some of the Kennedys admirers held that he should be more vigorous in seeking public support and less wary of altercation with the legislative branch. But his own reading of U.S. history was that presidents had rarely succeeded in appealing to the people over the heads of their elected representatives. He was a man of ideas and man of action, but through war, sickness, and politics he had also acquired the tempering qualities of patience and prudence. This proved the charisma in his personality as a leader. He demonstrated the authoritative and charismatic characteristic in two of his most cherished legislative proposals languished for many months and were not passed until after his death. One was a measure to spur economic growth through massive cuts in individual and corporate income tax rates. The plan accepted the inevitability of budget deficits for several years in the expectation that an enlarged economy would increase federal revenues later. The second major proposal that Kennedy left behind was the most sweeping civil rights bill of the century. In this field the president was a late starter. Despite campaign promised and pledges in the 1960 Democratic platform, upon assuming office he felt that he could not endanger immediately into battle with Southern members of Congress. He and his brother Attorney General Robert Kennedy accomplished much through administrative action, recourse to the courts, and the firm use of federal power when Southern officials sought to frustrate court orders. But the president and his brother deferred legislative action until what proved to be Kennedys last month of administration. In 1963 a great wave of black demonstration swept over the country, the North as well as the South. Delay was no longer possible. Inviting Republican congressional leaders into full partnership, the administration worked out a comprehensive bill including curbs on discrimination in employment and in public accommod ations and facilities, and the withholding of federal funds from programs in which the evidence was clear that discrimination was being practiced. As a transformational leader, in the field of foreign policy, President Kennedy began with a disaster and ended with what might in subsequent years develop into a major breakthrough in post-World War II international relations. The disaster was in ill-conceived and badly executed attempt in April 1961 to invade Communist Cuba, using Cuban exiles as troops with extensive US support the project had been conceived during the Eisenhower administration, but Kennedy had to accept, and did accept, responsibility for its dismal failure. Some observers blamed him for not providing U.S. air cover for the invaders, and some charged the Central Intelligence Agency with faulty intelligence and ineptitude. The disaster was a sobering experience for a young, confident president not yet three months in office. Another example exhibiting his authoritative leadership was his vision that was regarding the United States space program. One of his speeches in 1962, speaking to the students in Rice University, he said: We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win (Thomas E. Gort, 1962) He continued to talk about a long term vision of sending a man to the moon. He talked about the metal alloys that were not invented at that time; these alloys were capable of standing huge amount of heat and stresses times more than have ever been experienced. His vision to send a person to moon and getting him back to land safely was his main theme behind his this speech at the university. He explained the entire idea by which this could be accomplished. Here he was exhibiting an authoritative nature that gathered together the resources of the entire nation to a particular goal. As an authoritative leader, Kennedy made the relaxation of East-West tension his central purpose. A June 1961 meeting with Khrushchev, in Vienna, proved fruitless. But the soviets beset with internal problems and their ideological dispute with Communist China eventually became more receptive to western overtures. In June 1963, in a speech at American university in Washington, D.C., Kennedy called for a break in the vicious and dangerous cycle of the cold war. He announced yet another conference aimed at producing a nuclear test ban treaty, and he said that pending the outcome of the negotiations, the United States would refrain from atmospheric testing. At the meeting, held in Moscow, the United States, United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union finally agreed upon a limited nuclear test ban treaty. It was later adhered to buy scores of other powers (not including France and Communist China) and was easily ratified in the U.S. Senate. It was, perhaps, the most important accomplishment of t he Kennedys administration. But treaties and acts of Congress did not fully measure the impact of John Kennedys brief tenure upon the national consciousness. The New Frontier, indeed, was often more celebrated for its image and its style then for its works. A number of reasons proved his nature of authoritative and charismatic nature. The president seemed to be everywhere illuminating nearly every aspect of the national life, from culture to physical fitness, from moral in the Foreign Service to the beautification in Washington, D.C. Although he made some enemies, notably in business circles and among Southern segregationists, his popularity often transcended the usual political and ideological lines. Overseas he was admired by statesmen and ordinary citizen alike (Fred I. Greenstein, 1988). He was considered a charismatic speaker and a great communicator. He spoke with passion but stated his ideas simply, allowing him to appear very bright but still appealing to the average American. Kennedy was also seen as compassionate when he created the Peace Corps to provide aid to needy countries by enabling Americans to volunteer to help the countries in need. He set high goals for America, believing that they would put a man on the moon by the end of the 1960s as well as advance in other areas such as the fight against poverty and prejudice, and the fight for world peace. Kennedy was also the youngest elected president which helped many Americans identify with him after generations of old men running the government. Although he smoked cigars, he never smoked in public to avoid setting a bad example for children which helped win him more admiration. He also won admiration from the American public by taking full responsibility for his mistakes (such as the Bay of Pigs invasion,) rather than blaming it on his advisors or the previous administration. The fact that he handled the Cuban Missile Crisis without causing a nuclear war, as well as signing a treaty to end nuclear tests in the earths atmosphere to stop radioactive pollution helped save many potential lives all around the world that could have been lost had he gotten into a war with Russia. Conclusion: Anyone that possesses any of the above qualities with an additional dose of courage could be a leader, which doesnt mean that you have to be leading a group of people. You can be a leader just by living by example expressing to people the right things to do, because you will be surprised by how many people are watching. Being a leader is not an easy task because things dont always go as we anticipate, so thats where the courage comes in because it kind of motivates you to keep going when you want to give up due to obstacles. In conclusion all that am saying is that for a leader to be utterly successful one of the most efficient quality that he needs to his character is Achievement Motivation which is strengthened by the Internal Locus of Control, Social Self Efficacy, Multicultural Competence, and an Effective Communication Style so as to accomplish their goals to the fulfillment of those that they are supposedly making a positive impact on their life.

Management Essay -- Business, The equity System, Employee Evaluation

1.0 Introduction This chapter consists of the background of the study, problem statement, research objectives, includes both general and specific objectives, finally the significant of the study. 1.1 Research background According to David E. Terpstra (2003), organization policies on the compensation and practices play competitive roles in the business environment. However, organization must be able to define and design a form of equity systems which consists of distributive equity (external equity, internal equity, individual equity) and procedural equity in constructing pay system. Hence, it is important for the organization in packaging attractive pay and compensation policies as part as to be competitive with the market in the similar industry by adopting form of relevant equity systems. Milkovich & Newman (1996), define pay distribution as compensation levels paid for the individual performance, human capital and work responsibilities within a single organization. However, Gary Dessler (11th edition, 2008) viewed that, manager should categorize equity systems into four elements which are: i. External equity refers to the differences in jobs pay rate from one company to other companies. ii. Internal equity which measuring the differences in the jobs pay rate from one position to another position in the same company. iii. Individual equity refers to fairness of the pay that made by the company by looking at the individual performance at the same or very similar kind of jobs within the company. iv. Procedural equity refers to the decision made regarding the allocation of pay by looking at the fairness in the processes and procedures. Employees received rewards which satisfy their needs and expectations (individual go... ...ng the organization productivity (Lawler, 2003). The importance in conducting this study is actually to oversee whether the equity systems are considered during assessing the employee performance. If the equity systems linked with the performance, most of the organization must be used equity systems in setting their compensation rate. It is learnt that, money is one of motivator factor which may increase the employee credibility level in performing well. For example, if the individual is performing well, the organization may use individual equity in assessing the level of the performance before rewarding them. Since most of the employee believes equity rate is the most importance elements that need to be considered by the organization, it is the organization responsibilities to designing a competitive compensation package which may benefit both parties.