Antibacterial Agents in the Therapy of Urinary Tract...

SECTION TWO 1. Which antibacterial agent(s) would be effective in the therapy of Mr BT’s urinary tract infection? Cephalexin and Gentamicin would be effective since they are equally sensitive to the pseudomonas aeruginosa microbe which implies they will kill the microbe and work against the bacteria. 2. State the mechanisms of action of each of these agents. Cephalexin, is a beta-lactam antibiotic. The antibiotic binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins positioned inside the bacterial cell wall, this inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. The consequences are fatal to the susceptible bacteria but comparatively harmless for the human cells because the latter does not possess such a structure. Cell†¦show more content†¦3. Outline the pathophysiology underlying Mr BT’s hypersensitivity to penicillin Mr BT has a medical history of hypersensitivity to penicillin, this indicates that he has a penicillin allergy. Penicillin allergy happens when the immune system reacts to the drug as if it were a dangerous substance instead of a helpful remedy. The immune system activates certain cells to produce immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to fight the component of penicillin to which the patient is allergic too. Chemicals release by the immune cells can cause the signs and symptoms related with an allergic reaction. Penicillin is a simple structure and of low molecular weight. It has been identified that low molecular weight substances are able to illicit immune responses are called haptens. Alone, haptens cannot cause an immune response it must bind to innate proteins in the plasma and cell surfaces to form hapten-carrier complexes. Most haptens are the breakdown products which are isomers of penicillin (Neal Michael, 2012). The beta-lactam ring is unsteady and when it binds to a protein it acylates lysine residues bring about in a penicilloyl epitope known as benzylpenicilloyl .These hapten-carrier complexes are recognized as antigen by IgE on mast cells and basophiles (Neal Michael, 2012). 4. Given the fact that Mr BT is allergic to penicillins, is cephalexin therapy contraindicated here? Yes, the use of cephalosporin will produce hypersensitivityShow MoreRelatedantimicrobial agents933 Words   |  4 PagesAntimicrobial Agents Lisette Vazquez October 27, 2013 Antimicrobial Agents Antimicrobial agents are utilized to kill microorganisms that cause infections. In order to be able to kill these microorganisms we must have an understanding of the factor associated with the infection. The purpose of this paper is to explore the different types of antimicrobial agents and the differences between viral and bacterial infections. 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